EPA / U.S. Justice Department (press releases)
U.S. executive branch / federal government
Background
The Environmental Protection Agency was created on December 2, 1970, when President Richard Nixon signed an executive reorganization order consolidating scattered federal pollution programs into one agency. It opened with roughly 5,800 employees and a $1.4 billion budget, and gained broad regulatory authority through major 1970s legislation including the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act. The agency grew substantially through subsequent decades but has been a recurring target of budget and staffing reductions under Republican administrations. Trump's second term, led by Administrator Lee Zeldin, launched what the agency described as 'the single largest deregulatory action in U.S. history,' including repeal of the 2009 greenhouse gas endangerment finding and rollback of vehicle emissions standards; staffing fell to 40-year lows, with roughly one in three positions cut by 2026. The Department of Justice traces its roots to the Office of the Attorney General, created by the Judiciary Act of 1789; Congress formally established the department on June 22, 1870, to unify the government's legal functions under one head. Historically, norms of prosecutorial independence have insulated the department from direct White House direction, though that norm has been tested across many administrations. In Trump's second term, Attorney General Pam Bondi oversaw personnel changes that critics — including Senate Democrats and former DOJ officials — described as politicization, citing the dismissal of prosecutors who worked Capitol riot cases, dropped charges against political allies, and new investigations of Trump political adversaries including former FBI Director James Comey and New York Attorney General Letitia James; the department's own press releases characterize these actions as legitimate law enforcement.
Sources
- EPA: Origins of EPA
- EPA: Racking Up Massive Environmental Accomplishments Under the Trump Administration
- EPA Marks 500 Days of Trump Administration
- President Trump and Administrator Zeldin Deliver Single Largest Deregulatory Action in U.S. History
- EPA Hits 40-Year Lows in Staffing After Trump Targets Its Public Health Experts — Inside Climate News
- Trump administration on track to cut 1 in 3 EPA staffers by end of 2025 — Government Executive
- EPA Budget and Spending | US EPA
- History of the Department of Justice
- DOJ Press Releases | justice.gov
- Critics warn DOJ is being politicized despite vows to end its purported weaponization — NPR
- Assessing the Trump DOJ's investigations and prosecutions — Protect Democracy
- United States Environmental Protection Agency — Wikipedia
Profile compiled 2026-06-29; refreshed when ownership, funding, or the administration changes.